Famotidine is a potent histamine H2-receptor antagonist that inhibits stomach acid production, providing relief from acid-related conditions such as heartburn and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Its ability to reduce gastric acid secretion makes it an essential treatment for a range of digestive disorders.
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Mechanism of action
Famotidine is a competitive, reversible inhibitor of the histamine H2 receptor. It works by selectively blocking H2 receptors in the stomach, thereby reducing the production of gastric acid. This leads to a decrease in both the volume and the acid content of the gastric juice.
By inhibiting gastric acid secretion, famotidine helps to relieve symptoms of conditions such as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), ulcers, and gastritis. It also promotes the healing of existing ulcers and prevents the formation of new ones.
Mode of action
- Famotidine binds to the H2 receptors on parietal cells in the stomach.
- It blocks the action of histamine, a chemical that stimulates acid secretion.
- This leads to a decrease in the production of gastric acid.
Therapeutic uses
Famotidine, a potent H2-receptor antagonist, is commonly used in the treatment of various conditions related to gastric acid production. Some of the therapeutic uses of famotidine include:
- Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD): Famotidine is effective in managing symptoms of GERD such as heartburn, acid regurgitation, and difficulty swallowing.
- Peptic Ulcer Disease: Famotidine is used to heal and prevent ulcers in the stomach and duodenum caused by excessive acid production.
- Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome: This rare condition characterized by overproduction of stomach acid can be managed with famotidine to reduce acid secretion.
- Prevention of NSAID-induced Ulcers: Famotidine is sometimes prescribed to prevent ulcers that can be caused by prolonged use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
- Maintenance Therapy for Erosive Esophagitis: Famotidine can be used long-term to prevent relapse of erosive esophagitis, a condition where the esophagus is damaged by stomach acid.
It is important to consult a healthcare provider for the correct dosage and duration of famotidine treatment based on individual medical conditions.
Therapeutic uses
Famotidine is primarily used to treat conditions caused by excess stomach acid, such as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), peptic ulcers, and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome.
It can also be used to prevent ulcers in patients taking nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and to relieve symptoms of heartburn and acid indigestion.
Famotidine works by decreasing the amount of acid produced in the stomach, which helps to reduce irritation and inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract.
It is often prescribed by healthcare providers to help relieve symptoms of acid-related conditions and improve overall digestive health.
Side effects and contraindications
Famotidine, like any medication, can cause side effects in some individuals. Common side effects may include:
| Side Effects | Contraindications |
| Headache | Hypersensitivity to famotidine or other H2-receptor antagonists |
| Dizziness | Severe renal impairment |
| Constipation | Liver disease |
| Diarrhea | Pregnancy and lactation |
| Abdominal pain | Children under 12 years old |
It is important to consult with a healthcare professional before using famotidine, especially if you have any known allergies or medical conditions that may interact with the medication.